2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL

Preservative

SCORE

	10	high hazard
	54%	data gap
(why scores have changed)

Also listed as

BRONOPOL; 1,3-PROPANEDIOL, 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-; 2-BROMO-2-NITRO- 1,3-PROPANEDIOL; 1,3PROPANEDIOL, 2BROMO2NITRO; 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL; 2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPAN-1,3-DIOL; 2-BRONOPOL; BETA-BROMO-BETA-NITROTRIMETHYLENEGLYCOL; BRONIDIOL; BRONOCOT; BRONOPOL

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to this ingredient -- not the products containing it -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

This ingredient:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Contamination concerns - FORMALDEHYDE, NITROSAMINES
	Other strong concerns for this ingredient: Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards
	Other moderate concerns for this ingredient: Neurotoxicity
	Lesser or emerging concerns for this ingredient: Ecotoxicology
	See products containing 2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL

About 2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL: 2-Bromo-2-Nitropropane-1,3-Diol is a substituted aliphatic diol.

2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL has reported used in the following product types: conditioner (10); baby wipes (9); moisturizer (9); facial moisturizer/treatment (6); facial cleanser (4); hand cream (3); makeup remover (3); personal cleansing (3); exfoliant/scrub (3); toners/astringents (2)

Allergies/immunotoxicity

type of concern	product conditions	reference
Known human immune system toxicant		National Library of Medicine HazMap
Human skin toxicant - strong evidence

Restrictions & warnings

type of concern	product conditions	reference
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Use is restricted in Canadian cosmetics		Canada - Prohibited and Restricted Cosmetics Ingredients
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)

type of concern

product conditions

reference

Known human lung and skin toxicant

products that may be aerosolized (airborne); products for use on skin

European Union - Classification & Labelling

One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at very low doses

RTECS^®- Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal 1977

One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at very low doses

RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994

One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at low doses		RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at low doses		RTECS^®- Iyakuhin Kenkyu 1977
One or more animal studies show respiratory effects at low doses	products that may be aerosolized (airborne)	RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at low doses		RTECS^®- Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 1978
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at low doses		RTECS^®- "Pesticide Index," Frear, E 1976
Limited evidence of gastrointestinal or liver toxicity		US EPA, 1788
Limited evidence of sense organ toxicity		A Relational Database of Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994
One or more animal studies show respiratory effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)	products that may be aerosolized (airborne)	RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		RTECS^®- Pesticide Manual 1991
One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs
One or more animal studies show respiratory effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)	products that may be aerosolized (airborne)	RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994
One or more animal studies show respiratory effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)	products that may be aerosolized (airborne)	RTECS^®- Federal Register 2002
One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		RTECS^®- Federal Register 2002
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		RTECS^®- Iyakuhin Kenkyu 1977
One or more animal studies show metabolic effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		RTECS^®- Federal Register 2002
One or more animal studies show kidney or renal system effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		RTECS^®- Federal Register 2002
One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994
One or more animal studies show kidney or renal system effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994
One or more animal studies show sense organ effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)	products for use around the eyes, mouth, or lips	RTECS^®- Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 1978
Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful		Environment Canada Domestic Substance List

Neurotoxicity

type of concern	product conditions	reference
One or more animal studies show brain, nervous system, or behavioral effects at low doses		RTECS^®- Kiso to Rinsho 1974

Occupational hazards

type of concern	product conditions	reference
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		European Union - Classification & Labelling

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)

type of concern

product conditions

reference

Classified as lung and skin irritant

products that may be aerosolized (airborne); products for use on skin

European Union - Classification & Labelling

Developmental/reproductive toxicity

type of concern	product conditions	reference
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at high doses		RTECS^®- Federal Register 2002

Ecotoxicology

type of concern

product conditions

reference

Wildlife and environmental toxicity

European Union - Classification & Labelling

Persistence and bioaccumulation

type of concern

product conditions

reference

Not suspected to be persistent

Environment Canada Domestic Substance List

Data gaps

type of concern	product conditions	reference
68 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical see search results ->		PubMed

Government, industry, academic studies and classifications

government/industry list/academic study	appears on list as	classification(s)
European Union - Classification & Labelling	BRONOPOL (INN); 2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	•Harmful •Irritating to respiratory system and skin •Very toxic to aquatic organisms
Canada - Prohibited and Restricted Cosmetics Ingredients	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	•Use is restricted in Canadian cosmetics
Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	•Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications •Determined safe for use in cosmetics up to a specified concentration limit •Nitrosating agent: forms carcinogenic nitrosamine compounds if mixed with amines
National Library of Medicine HazMap	BRONOPOL	•Skin Sensitizer - An agent that can induce an allergic reaction in the skin or lungs: Yes;
EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs	2BROMO2NITRO1,3PROPANEDIOL	•Toxic, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxics Release Inventory programs
US EPA, 1788	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	•Gastrointestinal or liver toxicity hazards: suspected
A Relational Database of Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	•Skin or sense organ toxicity hazards: suspected
Environment Canada Domestic Substance List	1,3-PROPANEDIOL, 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-	•This chemical was NOT flagged by CEPA for further attention. The chemical was flagged for suspected aquatic toxicity.
RTECS^®- "Pesticide Index," Frear, E 1976	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	• broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (rat LD50)
RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	• gastrointestinal - Gastritis (rabbit LD50) • respiratory - Other changes (rabbit LD50) • gastrointestinal - Peritonitis (rat LD50)
RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	• respiratory - Dyspnea (rat TDLo) • gastrointestinal - Other changes (rat TDLo) • skin - Primary skin irritant (rat )
RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	• skin - Primary skin irritant (rat )
RTECS^®- Federal Register 2002	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	• gastrointestinal - Changes in structure or function of salivary glands (rat TDLo) • reproductive - Other effects (rabbit TDLo) • metabolic - Weight loss or decreased weight gain (rat TDLo) • kidney or renal system - Changes primarily in glomeruli (rat TDLo) • kidney or renal system - Hematuria (rat TDLo) • gastrointestinal - Other changes (rat TDLo) • respiratory - Respiratory depression (rat TDLo) • gastrointestinal - Ulceration or bleeding from stomach (rat TDLo)
RTECS^®- Iyakuhin Kenkyu 1977	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	• broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (rat LD50)
RTECS^®- Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology 1980	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	• skin - Primary skin irritant (rabbit )
RTECS^®- Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 1978	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	• broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (rat LD50) • sense organ - Primary eye irritant (rabbit ) • skin - Primary skin irritant ( human )
RTECS^®- Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 1978	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	• sense organ - Primary eye irritant (rabbit ) • skin - Primary skin irritant ( human )
RTECS^®- Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal 1977	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	• broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (mouse LD50)
RTECS^®- Kiso to Rinsho 1974	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	• skin - Hair (rat LD50) • brain, nervous system, or behavioral effect - Somnolence (general depressed activity) (rat LD50)
RTECS^®- Pesticide Manual 1991	2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL	• broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (mouse LD50)

references

government/industry list/academic study	reference
European Union - Classification & Labelling	CPS&Q (Consumer Products Safety & Quality) formely known as ECB (European Chemicals Bureau). 2008. Classification and Labelling: Chemicals: Annex VI of Directive 67/548/EEC through the 31st ATP.
Canada - Prohibited and Restricted Cosmetics Ingredients	Health Canada. 2007. List of Prohibited and Restricted Cosmetic Ingredients. Canada's Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist. March 2007.
Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments	CIR (Cosmetic Ingredient Review). 2006. CIR Compendium, containing abstracts, discussions, and conclusions of CIR cosmetic ingredient safety assessments. Washington DC.
National Library of Medicine HazMap	NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents.
EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs	EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1999. Toxics Release Inventory Program. PBT Chemical Rule.
Scorecard.org Toxicity Information	US EPA. Addition of Certain Chemicals; Toxic Chemical Release Reporting; Community Right to Know. Proposed and Final Rules. 59 Federal Register 1788 (Jan 12, 1994); 59 Federal Register 61432 (November 30, 1994). Summarized in Hazard Information on Toxic Chemicals Added to EPCRA Section 313 Under Chemical Expansion. http://www.epa.gov/tri/chemical/hazard_cx.htm
Scorecard.org Toxicity Information	A Relational Database of Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases. Browse Haz-Map by Adverse Effects http://hazmap.nlm.nih.gov/hazmapadv.html - testing a change
Environment Canada Domestic Substance List	EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
RTECS^®- "Pesticide Index," Frear, E 1976	RTECS^®- "Pesticide Index," Frear, E.H., ed., State College, PA, College Science Pub., 1969 5,30,1976
RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994	RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia". (Hazardous substances. Galogen and oxygen containing substances), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1994 -,193,1994
RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994	RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia". (Hazardous substances. Galogen and oxygen containing substances), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1994 -,194,1994
RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia" 1994	RTECS^®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia". (Hazardous substances. Galogen and oxygen containing substances), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1994. -,194,1994
RTECS^®- Federal Register 2002	RTECS^®- Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- 67,78459,2002
RTECS^®- Iyakuhin Kenkyu 1977	RTECS^®- Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- 8,680,1977
RTECS^®- Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology 1980	RTECS^®- Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology. (Park Forest South, IL) V.1-5(3), 1977-81(?). For publisher information, see JEPOEC. 4(4),47,1980
RTECS^®- Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 1978	RTECS^®- Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists. (Soc. of Cosmetic Chemists, 1995 Broadway, Suite 1701, New York, NY 10023) V.1- 1947- 29,3,1978
RTECS^®- Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 1978	RTECS^®- Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists. (Soc. of Cosmetic Chemists, 1995 Broadway, Suite 1701, New York, NY 10023) V.1- 29,3,1978
RTECS^®- Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal 1977	RTECS^®- Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal. Chemical Pharmaceutical Journal. For English translation, see PCJOAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1967- 11(1),73,1977
RTECS^®- Kiso to Rinsho 1974	RTECS^®- Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960- 8,1029,1974
RTECS^®- Pesticide Manual 1991	RTECS^®- Pesticide Manual. (The British Crop Protection Council, 20 Bridport Rd., Thornton Heath CR4 7QG, UK) V.1- 1968- 9,103,1991

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