PROPANE
Propellant
Also listed as
DIMETHYLMETHANE; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; LPG; N-PROPANE; PROPANE (ACGIH:OSHA) ; PROPYL HYDRIDE; R 290
Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to this ingredient -- not the products containing it -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.
| This ingredient: | |
 | Cancer |
| Developmental/reproductive toxicity |
| Restrictions & warnings |
 | Allergies/immunotoxicity |
| Contamination concerns |
 | Other strong concerns for this ingredient: Multiple, additive exposure sources |
| Other moderate concerns for this ingredient: Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards |
 | Lesser or emerging concerns for this ingredient: Data gaps |
|
See products containing PROPANE | |
About PROPANE: Propane is the hydrocarbon.
PROPANE has reported used in the following product types: styling mousse/foam (60); shaving cream (men's) (24); styling gel/lotion (20); hair spray (19); body spray (16); shaving cream (15); antiperspirant/deodorant (men's) (14); shampoo (12); antiperspirant/deodorant (12); anti-fungal treatment (10)
Allergies/immunotoxicity
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Human toxicant - strong evidence | Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments |
Multiple, additive exposure sources
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available | FDA Everything Added to Food | |
| Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | FDA Food Additive Status | |
| Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List | |
| Classified as medium human health priority | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List | |
| show more | ||
Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Human irritant - strong evidence | products for use around the eyes, on the skin, or may be aerosolized (airborne) | Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments |
Occupational hazards
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2005 | |
| show more | ||
Data gaps
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product | Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments | |
| 1,612 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical see search results -> | PubMed |
Miscellaneous
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Occupational hazards related to handling | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
Persistence and bioaccumulation
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Neurotoxicity
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| nervous system - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreview: published lit review or major tox study | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
Ecotoxicology
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Not suspected to be an environmental toxin | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Government, industry, academic studies and classifications
| government/industry list/academic study | appears on list as | classification(s) |
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | PROPANE | •Extremely flammable •Extremely flammable |
| FDA Food Additive Status | PROPANE | • miscellaneous • GRAS (generally recognized as safe) - use in food presumed safe based either on a history of use before 1958 or on published scientific evidence; need not be approved by the FDA prior to use in food; most have not limit for use but must conform to good manufacturing practices; some GRAS substances have quantitative limit for use in foods; by definition under Sec 201(s) of FD&C Act, not food additives • Food additive: must be in accordance with good manufacturing practices, or sufficient for purpose; or in quantity not greater than required - CFR184.1655 • Combustion product gas - CFR173.350 |
| Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments | PROPANE | •Safe as used in cosmetics according to industry panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) •Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product •Lung sensitizer •Sensitizer - can instigate immune system response that can include itching, burning, scaling, hives, and blistering of skin •Irritation (eyes, skin, or lungs) •GRAS (generally recognized as safe) - use in food presumed safe based either on a history of use before 1958 or on published scientific evidence; need not be approved by the FDA prior to use in food |
| FDA Everything Added to Food | PROPANE | • There is no reported use of the substance and there is no toxicology information available in PAFA. |
| National Library of Medicine HazMap | PROPANE | •Neurotoxin: CNS Solvent Syndrome; •PEL (OSHA) - Permissible exposure limit (OSHA): 1000 ppm; •Other Poison: Simple Asphyxiant; •TLV (ACGIH) - Threshold limit value (ACGIH): 1000 ppm; •Flammability (NFPA) - NFPA flammability code: 0 = will not burn; 1 = must be preheated; 2 = high ambient temp required; 3 = may ignite at ambient temp; 4 = burn readily: 4: burns readily; •IDLH (NIOSH) - Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health: 2100 ppm; •Odor Threshold High - The lowest concentration at which a substance can be detected or recognized using the sense of smell: 20005 ppm; •Odor Threshold Low - The lowest concentration at which a substance can be detected or recognized using the sense of smell: 12225 ppm; •MAK - Maximum Allowable Concentration (Federal Republic of Germany): 1000 ppm; |
| Environment Canada Domestic Substance List | PROPANE | •This chemical was deemed a moderate human health priority and was flagged by CEPA for further attention. The chemical was flagged for suspected persistence. |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | PROPANE | • o |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2005 | PROPANE | • occupationally related - ACGIH TLV (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 | PROPANE | • occupationally related - ACGIH TLV (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204 1994 | PROPANE | • occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Fed Cont) (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910 1994 | PROPANE | • occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Gen Indu) (human TWA) |
references
| government/industry list/academic study | reference |
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | CPS&Q (Consumer Products Safety & Quality) formely known as ECB (European Chemicals Bureau). 2008. Classification and Labelling: Chemicals: Annex VI of Directive 67/548/EEC through the 31st ATP. |
| FDA Food Additive Status | FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Food Additive Status List. Downloaded from http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/%7Edms/opa-appa.html, Oct 16, 2006. |
| Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments | CIR (Cosmetic Ingredient Review). 2006. CIR Compendium, containing abstracts, discussions, and conclusions of CIR cosmetic ingredient safety assessments. Washington DC. |
| FDA Everything Added to Food | FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. |
| National Library of Medicine HazMap | NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents. |
| Environment Canada Domestic Substance List | EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry. |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | AOEC (Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics). 2009. AEOC exposures codes and asthmagen designation. |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2005 | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2005 |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 |
| RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204 1994 | RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204.50,1994 |
| RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910 1994 | RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910.1000,1994 |
"RTECS®" is a United States trademark owned and licensed under authority of the U.S. Government, by and through MDL Information Systems, Inc.
Copyright © 2010 by Environmental Working Group
All rights reserved.
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